无人机倾斜摄影技术在环境应急中的应用     

梁炜  李雅箐 《测绘与空间地理信息》2017,40(Z1)

广西壮族自治区作为西部欠发达省份,经济亟需快速发展,因此近年来环境污染事故频发.环境污染事故的发生需要更快速的反应能力和更有效的系统模型支撑.无人机倾斜摄影技术解决了传统无人机正射航测系统的空间局限性和处理耗时长的问题,满足了环境应急对影像时间和空间上的更高要求.本文以广西壮族自治区北海市合浦县公馆镇某非法盗采的矿坑为研究区,结合固定翼无人机倾斜影像数据进行空中三角测量计算及三维建模,经模型修复后,采用SuperMap GIS 8 C系列产品进行模型单体化,并在后期评估阶段对构建的重点区域精细三维模型开展二三维GIS基础分析和应用分析,实现准确、快速、全方位、可量度地模拟污染事故现场,为环境应急的指挥决策提供更有效的空间信息技术支撑.  相似文献   

桂西堆积型铝土矿中三水铝石的成矿机理   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

刘云华  毛晓冬  黄同兴 《地球科学与环境学报》2004,26(2):26-31

桂西堆积型铝土矿中红土矿物共生组合、矿物空间分布规律、产出特征、矿物的形成世代、化学成分、稀土元素和矿体内外的水质成分的研究结果表明，堆积型铝土矿中的三水铝石是由硬水铝石水解形成的，三水铝石的形成受到地下水溶液中Al^3 、[SiO4]^4-浓度及pH等多种因素的制约，经历了Al(OH)3的沉淀、固化、脱玻化、结晶几个阶段。在淋滤作用的早期，形成了高岭石；在淋滤作用较弱的位置，形成了次生石英。表明该类型铝土矿不仅是新类型矿床，其成因也是独特的，是正处于退化中的铝土矿。  相似文献   

五种红树植物原位根系小分子多酚组成及含量分析     

刘玉  洪泽珊  彭逸生  徐健荣 《海洋与湖沼》2015,46(5):1046-1051

红树植物的化感作用和生态功能与其多酚类物质的组成和含量密切相关,其植物根系中含有的小分子多酚对红树植物对根际生物群落的调控具有重要的意义,但对其根系中具体含有的多酚类最小单体尚缺少科学实验证据。对湛江红树林国家级自然保护区内五种重要建群红树植物进行原位根系采样,采用液相高效色谱法(HPLC)对5种主要的小分子多酚单体进行定性和定量分析。主要结果为:五种红树根系内均检测出5种小分子多酚单体,浓度含量范围在0.0007—1.7424 mg/g DW。红树植物单株含量最高值分别为,儿茶素1.7424 mg/g DW,棓儿茶素1.1470 mg/g DW,表棓儿茶素0.4457 mg/g DW,没食子酸0.2374 mg/g DW,表儿茶素0.3331 mg/g DW。5种小分子多酚含量的总平均值以秋茄(Kandelia candel)和低潮带桐花树(Aegiceras corniculatum)最高,分别为0.2778 mg/g DW、0.2379 mg/g DW。木榄(Bruguiera gymnorrhiza)和无瓣海桑(Sonneratia apetala)次之,依次为0.0766 mg/g DW、0.0734 mg/g DW。红海榄(Rhizophora stylosa)和高潮带桐花树(A.corniculatum)相对最低,分别为0.0488 mg/g DW、0.0341 mg/g DW。  相似文献   

Nuclear magnetic resonance study of the formation and dissociation process of nature gas hydrate in sandstone     

《China Geology》2022,5(4):630-636

In this work, the authors monitored the formation and dissociation process of methane hydrate in four different rock core samples through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation time (T₂) and 2D imaging measurement. The result shows that the intensity of T₂ spectra and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signals gradually decreases in the hydrate formation process, and at the same time, the T₂ spectra move toward the left domain as the growth of hydrate in the pores of the sample accelerates the decay rate. The hydrate grows and dissociates preferentially in the purer sandstone samples with larger pore size and higher porosity. Significantly, for the sample with lower porosity and higher argillaceous content, the intensity of the T₂ spectra also shows a trend of a great decrease in the hydrate formation process, which means that high-saturation gas hydrate can also be formed in the sample with higher argillaceous content. The changes in MRI of the sample in the process show that the formation and dissociation of methane hydrate can reshape the distribution of water in the pores.©2022 China Geology Editorial Office.  相似文献   

Estimation of the dissociation energy of CO+ from spectroscopic data     

R. R. Reddy  R. Viswanath 《Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy》1990,11(1):67-72

The potential energy curves for theX ² Σ⁺ andB ² Σ⁺ states of CO⁺ have been constructed by the Rydberg-Klein-Rees (RKR) method as modified by van der Sliceet al. The dissociation energy is estimated to be 7.70±0.19 eV by the method of curve fitting using the five parameter Hulburt-Hirschfelder’s function. The estimated value is in good agreement with the value (7.839 eV) given by Misraet al. Carefull observation of the results reveals that accurateD ₀ value for CO⁺ is 8.33 eV  相似文献   

Comparison of binding abilities of fulvic and humic acids extracted from recent marine sediments with UO₂     

C. Munier-Lamy  Ph. Adrian  J. Berthelin  J. Rouiller 《Organic Geochemistry》1986,9(6)

Potentiometric titrations were used to measure conditional stability constants of UO₂²⁺-fulvic acid and UO₂²⁺-humic acid complexes. Both 2:1 and 1:1 COO^-:UO₂²⁺ binding were observed. With decreasing metal concentration (2.5·10⁻⁴-6.25·10⁻⁵ M) increasing amounts of UO₂²⁺ were in the form of 1:1 humate complexes and 2:1 fulvate complexes. Despite the high nitrogen content and the low acidic OH group content, the successive stability constant values were similar to those determined for divalent cations associated with fulvic and humic compounds isolated from soils. Stability constant values increase simultaneously with increasing ionization of the humic (or fulvic) acid polyelectrolytes and with decreasing metal concentration.  相似文献   

Numerical Study on Dissociation of Gas Hydrate and Its Sensitivity to Physical Parameters     

白玉湖  李清平  喻西崇  冯国智 《中国海洋工程》2007,21(4):625-636

The natural gas hydrate resource is tremendous.How to utilize the gas from hydrates safely is researchers' concern.In this paper,a one-dimensional model is developed to simulate the hydrate dissociation by depressurization in hydrate-bearing porous medium.This model can be used to explain the effects of the flow of multiphase fluids,the endothermic process of hydrate dissociation,the variation of permeability,the convection and conduction on the hydrate dissociation.Numerical results show that the hydrate dissociation can be divided into three stages:a rapid dissociation stage mainly governed by hydrate dissociation kinetics after an initially slow dissociation stage governed mainly by flow,and finally a slow dissociation stage.Moreover,a numerical approach of sensitivity analysis of physical parameters is proposed,with which the quantitative effect of all the parameters on hydrate dissociation can be evaluated conveniently.  相似文献   

甲壳多糖及单糖的制备工艺研究     

邢荣娥  于华华  刘松  李鹏程 《海洋科学集刊》2003,(45):112-117

甲壳质(chitin)，又名甲壳素，几丁质，主要存在于虾、蟹、蛹及昆虫等动物外壳中。其衍生物壳聚糖(chitosan)又名甲壳胺或脱乙酰甲壳素，是甲壳质经脱乙酰化反应制得的产物，是最基本、最重要的甲壳质衍生物。 壳聚糖具有良好的吸湿性、成膜性、气透性、降解性、生物相溶性、无毒副作用以及不污染环境的优良性质，广泛应用于环保、食品、化工、医药、纺织、造纸、卷烟、农业、化妆品、印染、生物医学、酶制剂、保健品、金属回收等许多行业中。因此甲壳质作为一种纯天然的自然资源，对其开发和应用具有极其深远的意义。但甲壳质及其壳聚糖的高度不溶性极大地限制了它们的应用，必须对它们进行化学深加工，或结构修饰，引入或改变其分子链上的某个基团，或者完全降解或部分降解其分子链，从而得到一些具有特殊性质、水溶性有所改善的衍生物产品来满足人们的使用需要，因此甲壳单糖随之问世。 D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐(GAH)是甲壳质或壳聚糖的降解产物，其结构为D-葡萄糖分子中C2-羟基被氨基所取代，因氨基显碱性，与盐酸结合成盐。D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐是重要的生化试剂和医药中间体，其用途十分广泛：对人体具有重要的生理功能，它参与肝肾解毒，发挥抗炎护肝的作用；它能促进抗生素药剂的注射功能，也可作为糖尿病患者的营养补助剂，大剂量使用对宿主组织无害，但对体内恶性细胞却是一种细胞毒；它促进人体黏多糖的合成，改善关节软骨的代谢及修复；此外，它还可作为化妆品和饲料的添加剂。目前，国内、外对D-氨基葡萄糖的需求日益增加。 本文论述了甲壳质和壳聚糖的制备技术，并着重研究了单糖的最优化制备方法，通过正交实验，进行了3因素6水平72(36×2)个实验；同时研究了抽滤工艺和脱色工艺对产品质量的影响，为今后高质量的生产D-氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐及工业化提供了技术指导。  相似文献   

Submarine slope stability analysis during natural gas hydrate dissociation: Discussion     

Chaoqi Zhu  Yonggang Jia 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(6):753-754

Abstract

Volume change during natural gas hydrate dissociation is important for calculation of excess pore pressure and corresponding submarine slope stability. A short discussion is presented here to the paper of Wang et al. including some notes about the standard condition and parameters used in their model. This discussion calls attention to the wrong use of standard temperature and pressure during calculation of volume change, excess pore pressure, and submarine slope stability.  相似文献   

碳酸钾焙烧分解富钾页岩的实验研究   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

苗世顶  马鸿文郑骥 章西焕 《岩石矿物学杂志》2004,23(3):273-278

通过实验探讨了富钾页岩 碳酸钾体系热分解反应过程。以富钾页岩分解率为目标函数，正交实验表明：最佳焙烧温度为820-830℃，富钾页岩：碳酸钾(质量比)=1．00：1．51，最佳焙烧时间60min，生料粒度60～80目。并用热重／差热分析和X粉晶衍射进行分析，拟合热力学数据，初步分析了反应机理。  相似文献